Self-Handicapping Theory is a psychological concept that describes the tendency of individuals to engage in behaviors or actions that create obstacles or barriers to their performance. These behaviors are used to create an excuse for potential failure and to protect an individual's self-esteem. In this article, we will explore the key concepts of Self-Handicapping Theory and how it affects athletes, and provide examples and practical strategies for managing self-handicapping behaviors.
The Key Concepts of Self-Handicapping Theory
- Self-Handicapping: the tendency to engage in behaviors or actions that create obstacles or barriers to performance.
- Two types of self-handicapping:
- Behavioral self-handicapping: engaging in behaviors that create obstacles, such as procrastination or alcohol consumption.
- Psychological self-handicapping: creating internal obstacles, such as negative self-talk or lack of confidence.
- Reasons for self-handicapping:
- To protect self-esteem: self-handicapping can create an excuse for potential failure, which can protect an individual's self-esteem.
- To signal lack of effort: self-handicapping can also signal to others that an individual did not put in the effort needed to succeed.
How Self-Handicapping Theory Affects Athletes
- Athletes who engage in self-handicapping behaviors may struggle to perform at their best.
- Athletes who engage in self-handicapping behaviors may not reach their full potential.
- Athletes who engage in self-handicapping behaviors may develop a negative mindset and have difficulty bouncing back from setbacks.
- Athletes who engage in self-handicapping behaviors may experience a decrease in motivation and effort.
Real-world examples
- A basketball player who drinks alcohol the night before a game may engage in behavioral self-handicapping, creating an obstacle for their performance the next day.
- A runner who tells themselves they can't win a race may engage in psychological self-handicapping, creating an internal obstacle for their performance.
- A soccer player who procrastinates on practicing their skills may engage in behavioral self-handicapping, creating an obstacle for their performance on the field.
Ways to use Self-Handicapping Theory to your advantage
- Recognize and avoid self-handicapping behaviors.
- Develop strategies to manage self-handicapping behaviors.
- Focus on the present moment, and not on potential failure.
- Use positive self-talk to combat negative thoughts.
- Seek feedback from coaches and teammates to improve performance.
Conclusion
Self-Handicapping Theory offers a powerful framework for understanding how individuals create obstacles or barriers to their performance. By understanding the key concepts of self-handicapping and how it affects athletes, individuals can develop the skills and strategies needed to overcome self-handicapping behaviors. By implementing the strategies outlined in this article, athletes can break the cycle of self-handicapping and reach their full potential.
